A scraper is a soil-shoveling and transporting machine that uses a bucket to shovel and cut soil, and loads the crushed soil into the bucket for transportation. It can complete the comprehensive operations of shoveling, loading, transporting, unloading, and layered filling and local compaction. It is suitable for site leveling work in railway, road, water conservancy, electric power, and other projects. Scrapers have the advantages of simple operation, no terrain restrictions, independent work, fast travel speed, and high production efficiency. They are suitable for Type I to Type III soils. When shoveling and cutting more than Type III soil, it is necessary to loosen the soil in advance. Currently, the widely used scrapers on the market are divided into internal combustion scrapers and electric scrapers. Internal combustion scrapers are suitable for well-ventilated working environments and are characterized by flexibility and high efficiency; electric scrapers are more environmentally friendly and pollution-free.
The scraper includes wheels, a traction beam, a frame, a hydraulic device, a bucket with a shoveling mechanism, a support mechanism, and a frame lifting adjustment mechanism. Its characteristic lies in that the bucket with the shoveling mechanism consists of a bucket body, a sliding baffle, a rotating baffle, a shovel blade, and a breaker blade; on both side walls of the bucket body, there are one support rod shaft and a bucket body rotation support shaft hole respectively, and on the inner side of the front ends of both side walls of the bucket body, there are slide tracks. The shovel blade is welded and fixed at the front end of the bucket body bottom, and the breaker blade is welded and fixed on the shovel blade; the sliding baffle and the rotating baffle are arranged at the opening of the bucket body, and the sliding baffle and the rotating baffle are connected by two hinges. The two ends of the two hinges protrude out of the shafts and are inserted into the slide tracks on the inner side of the front ends of both side walls of the bucket body respectively; the support mechanism consists of a baffle support rod, two side support rods, and a front support rod. The front end of the front support rod is supported by a front support rod support shaft fixed at the front end of the frame, and the rear end shaft hole of the front support rod is sleeved into the middle of the baffle support rod, which is fixed at the upper end of the sliding baffle with two protruding shafts at both ends. The front ends of the two side support rods have shaft holes, and their rear ends have slide grooves. The front shaft holes of the two side support rods are respectively sleeved on the two protruding shafts at both ends of the baffle support rod, and the rear slide grooves of the two side support rods are respectively sleeved on the two support rod shafts on the bucket body; the two bucket body support shafts respectively pass through the two bucket body rotation support shaft holes on both side walls of the bucket body and the shaft holes on both side walls of the frame, and the lifting rod of the hydraulic device is connected to the horizontal shaft fixed at the rear end of the bucket body; the frame lifting adjustment mechanism consists of a screw rod, a nut plate, and a rotary disc. The rotary disc is fixed at the top of the screw rod, and the nut plate is connected to the frame to form an integrated structure. The screw rod is screwed into the nut plate, and its lower end is inserted into the screw rod end hole on the traction beam.
